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style=”text-align:justify;”>Do you know this – A diabetic person on insulin who has missed his meals, and indulges in prolonged unaccustomed exercise has a greater chance of dying than if he had never taken insulin !
Diabetics on regular treatment of diabetes, by way of insulin or by oral anti-hypoglycaemic agents (OHA), need to know more about how and when to exercise than those not on such medication.
Diabetes and its Dangers that One Needs to be Aware
Diabetes is a disease that kills but not at once.
It is a chronic disease that leads to high blood glucose levels in blood, which is then lost in urine carrying a lot of water with it and causing thirst. These are the basic problems caused by Diabetes, and none of them create an immediate danger to life. The real danger of diabetes arises from two sources. First are the long term complications of Diabetes, which over a period of five to twenty five years, effect almost every organ of the body, and can considerably shorten life span in addition to making it miserable. The second danger to life arises from short term complications like very high sugar levels in older persons that can lead to Hyperglycaemic Coma and even death, and Diabetic Ketoacidosis which can lead to coma in younger diabetics as well.
To prevent the long term complications, insulin or oral anti-diabetic agents like Glipizide or Metformin are prescribed by physicians at fixed times before or after meals, and patients are advised to stick to the routine. This is done to ensure that maximum insulin (or other anti-diabetic) levels in blood coincide with higher glucose levels after meals, and keep them under control.
Dangers of Hypoglycaemic Coma
Unaccustomed prolonged exercise by a diabetic person can lead to a fall in glucose level, and the insulin taken can make it fall further, even to a below normal level, a condition called Hypoglycaemia meaning ’low blood sugar’, wherein the person may feel very uneasy, restless, start perspiring and may faint. A severe case of hypoglycaemia can go in coma, and if remained attended, may even die. That is why, for a diabetic person on insulin, it is better not to indulge in unaccustomed prolonged exercise, and if it becomes necessary, to skip the regular dose of insulin (or anti-diabetic medicines) that day.
Role of Exercise in Life of a Diabetic
This does not mean that there is no role of exercise in the life of a diabetic. In fact the very opposite is true. Regular controlled exercise at the appropriate hour can play a great role in managing Diabetes. The effect of exercise is similar to that of insulin as both reduce blood glucose levels.
Diabetes is of two types. TYPE – I DIABETES is associated with early onset, weight loss and very low insulin levels. Type – II DIABETES is associated with obesity, resistance to insulin and responsiveness to OHAs. In type II diabetes, regular exercise can also help in weight control, a primary requirement for managing this form of Diabetes. It is better to opt for aerobic exercises like jogging, brisk walk or tread-mill, and the best results are achieved with appropriate dieting associated with anti-diabetic medication.
Type of Exercise Preferable in Diabetes
Exercise in moderate quantum and as per advice of the physician is always beneficial in Diabetes, and is a necessary part of life-style modifications with which patients with mild Diabetes are treated. Yoga is one form of exercise that is said to be beneficial, and certain postures (“aasana”) are said to stimulate the pancreas and increase insulin production and secretion in the body, thereby helping in controlling Diabetes. Dances are another form of exercise that can be useful, but it must be on a regular basis, and sudden overstraining should be avoided.
Diabetes & Precautions During Exercise
For any Diabetic person on insulin or anti-Diabetic medicines, if symptoms of hypoglycaemia like perspiration, restlessness and vomiting happen immediately after exercise, they should immediately be made to eat or drink food containing glucose or sweats. This should be done urgently without bothering for glucose level, as sudden fall in blood glucose is far more dangerous than a temporary rise in it.
Written by V.Kumar
I am a free lance author, who writes primarily for the passion for it. I have interest in a wide spehere of activites.
Beauty, Health and Fitness Facts to Know About:
Beauty Facts
You can have a more beautiful skin by taking more of this anti-aging – Vitamin-C. It’s proven to soften lines and lighten spots.
You can prevent, and even repair sun damage by applying coffee directly onto your skin. The caffeine in coffee constricts the blood vessels and does the job.
You can file your nails back and forth in long strokes, contrary to belief, but only IF your nails are short and strong. File nails in one direction and in short strokes if you have very long and weak nails.
You can ultra cleanse your feet by soaking it in equal parts of warm water and grapefruit juice with a shot of vodka. The alcohol dissolves dirt, while the acid from the grapefruit loosens dead skin.
Health Facts
You could get a headache, backache, or muscle soreness if you keep waking up during the night. This kind of sleep trouble alters your body’s natural pain-control mechanisms. Get help if you have troubled sleep for over a month.
You could prevent allergies by doing laundry. Kill all dust mites by washing your clothes in 140 degrees hot water.
It’s bad for your health to wear killer high heels for very long hours. It triggers UTI (Urinary Tract Infections) by putting pressure on your lower back and abdomen interfering with your bladder’s ability to completely empty.
You will always get the same doctor’s advice whether you are genetically prone to diabetes or not – eat a healthy diet, exercise regularly, and get your blood sugar tested regularly.
You could also lose your memory by eating too many sweets, aside from getting diabetes. High blood sugar consumption is proven to affect the brain’s hippocampus, so limit your sweets and stay sharp.
Fitness Facts
It’s bad to take ibuprofen or aspirin (for stopping muscle soreness or body aches) before workout. The reason is that it makes you vulnerable to gastrointestinal problems. Take them AFTER workout. Better yet skip it and use ice instead.
You can lose weight by being financially motivated. Allot a dollar to your savings each time you step on the treadmill, or, pay away to a stranger whenever you fail to reach a targeted weight loss goal. Money never fails to motivate. It’s proven to work!
You can lower your heart disease risk by downing alcohol. Just one glass of wine per week coupled with two hours of exercise does the trick. Note that the exercise part of the equation is important.
These tips touch upon three important areas in one’s life – beauty, health and fitness. If you turn these facts into habit then you’re sure to be on the way to a better you
(c) Ae Dechavez
*Article first published in Health Mad
Written by ae_dechavez
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Diabetes is principally a disease of the middle-aged and elderly; more than one in ten people over 65 suffer from diabetes. Often the elderly do not have access to information about diabetes and this affects their ability and willingness to follow advice about diet, exercise and medicines. Doctors often do not have time to counsel them fully. The following information about diabetes is presented in the question-answer format. If your parents suffer from diabetes, you can ensure they have the knowledge and understanding to deal with diabetes with confidence and success.
Diabetes: What is it?
Diabetes is a condition in which there is increased sugar (glucose) in the bloodstream. This happens because the pancreas does not produce enough insulin or because the body tissues are resistant to the action of insulin.
Insulin is responsible for moving glucose from the blood into the body cells especially after meals. It acts like a key opening a door into the cell for the glucose to enter. So, when there is no insulin or when the body is resistant to its action, glucose cannot enter the cells and accumulates in the blood. Increased blood glucose, over time, leads to progressive damage to blood vessels and nerves.
Symptoms of diabetes and how are they caused?
Many people with diabetes may not have any symptoms.
Fatigue is often the first symptom. Since glucose is unable to enter the cells, the muscles tire easily because they do not have the basic fuel they need for power.
Meanwhile, the glucose that cannot get into the cells of the body builds up in the blood. The kidneys are able to reabsorb all the glucose in the blood until blood glucose level is more than 180 mg/dl. Once the glucose in the blood exceeds 180 mg/dl, it passes through the kidneys into the urine and carries water along with it. So, extra water is lost in the urine resulting in thirst and increased intake of water. So, fatigue, increased urination and increased thirst are all symptoms of glucose not being able to get into your cells.
Also, you may lose weight even though you are eating plenty of food because nutrients are unable to enter your cells.
Diabetes diagnosis
Normal blood glucose is less than 100 mg/dl after an 8-hour fast and less than 140 mg/dl after a two-hour glucose tolerance test.)
Diagnosis of diabetes is confirmed if:
1. Blood glucose is 126 mg/dl (7.0 mmol/l) or higher after an 8-hour fast
2. Blood glucose is 200 mg/dl (mg/dl) or higher, two hours after a meal
3. Blood glucose is 200 mg/dl two hours after drinking 75 grams of glucose
(glucose tolerance test)
Prediabetes(impaired tolerance of glucose) indicating increased risk of developing diabetes in future is diagnosed if:
1. Blood glucose is between 100 and 126 mg/dl after an 8-hour fast
2. Blood glucose is between 140 to 200 mg/dl two hours after drinking 75 grams of glucose
Diabetes: Different Types
Type 1 diabetesis caused by a lack of insulin and is usually seen in children.
Type 2 diabetesis mainly because of resistance of body tissues to insulin and develops in middle-age. Ninety percent of all diabetics worldwide have type 2 diabetes.
Gestational diabetesoccurs during pregnancy. Though it disappears after childbirth, it is a sign of insulin resistance and such women are at greater risk of becoming diabetic in future.
Diabetes Complications
If not controlled, the raised blood sugar level can progressively damage the delicate capillaries as well as the larger blood vessels and nerves in all tissues.
The most common complications of diabetes are:
1. Heart disease
2. Kidney failure
3. Stroke (bleeding or blood clot in the brain leading to paralysis)
4. Blindness
5. Foot ulcers and eventual amputation
6. Decrease in general immunity leading to increased risk of infection
Principles of Treatment of Diabetes
Diabetes usually cannot be cured or reversed.
The principles of treatment are:
1. Keep blood glucose within normal limits
2. Prevent long-term complications of diabetes with the help of counseling, healthy diet, adequate exercise, and appropriate medication
3. Control associated risk factors such as smoking, obesity, increased blood pressure, high blood cholesterol, and lack of exercise.
4. Avoid prolonged physical inactivity, which is an independent risk factor for heart disease.
Monitoring Diabetes
1. Blood glucoseshould be checked as frequently as recommended by the doctor. Blood glucose may have to be checked more frequently if diet, medications, exercise routine or health status change.
2. Hemoglobin A1cindicates how well your blood glucose has been controlled in the preceding three months. It is a better indicator of control of diabetes than individual blood glucose levels. Hemoglobin Ac1 values below 6.5 percent cut the risk of complications.
Monitoring Complications of Diabetes
1. Examine feet daily for ulcers
2. Visit your doctor regularly and follow his or her advice
3. Monitor the following:
a. Body weight and waistline
b. Blood pressure
c. Blood cholesterol
d. Kidney function (urine protein and serum creatinine)
e. Heart function (EKG, stress test, echocardiography, coronary angiography)
f. Vision (examination of eyes every 3-4 months)
Treatment of Diabetes
1. Diet is the mainstay of treatment of diabetes. In many diabetics, control of diet and reduction of body weight is the only treatment required. Doctors usually advise a gradual loss of body weight of about one pound every week. To achieve this, doctors recommend a diet rich in nutrients and fiber and low in fats and refined carbohydrates. Diabetics are encouraged to eat more vegetables, fruits, whole grains, and legumes.
2. Exerciseimproves control of diabetes by reducing blood glucose and improving insulin sensitivity. More importantly, exercise is a natural antidepressant and improves mental wellbeing and sleep.
3. Medication:If diabetes is not controlled by diet and exercise, your doctor may have to prescribe anti-diabetic tablets or insulin.
Hypoglycemia: Symptoms and Treatment
Hypoglycemia means low glucose level in the blood (below 70 mg/dl) and is usually seen in diabetics treated with insulin or anti-diabetic tablets such as Glimepiride (Amaryl), Nateglinide (Starlix), Glipizide (Glucotrol), Repaglinide (Prandin), and Glyburide (Glynase).
It is either caused by exercise, delay in meal or increased dose of anti-diabetic medications. Early signs include shaking, sweating, hunger, anxiety, weakness, dizziness, rapid heartbeat, lightheadedness, sleepiness, confusion and difficulty in speaking.
The immediate solution is to take about 2-3 spoonfuls of sugar or 4-6 glucose biscuits. Repeat after 15 minutes if the blood sugar is still low. Inform your doctor who may reduce your anti-diabetic medication.
Hypoglycemia is more common in the elderly and more dangerous so they must take extra precautions to deal with it.
1. Avoid long gaps between meals, especially after exercise or insulin
2. Always carry sugar or glucose biscuits and ingest at the first signs of hypoglycemia
3. Wear an identification bracelet stating you are a diabetic and should be given sugar if you are unconscious or confused and taken to the nearest doctor.
Precautions about Diabetes Medication
The elderly usually have more than one illness and have to take many medications several times a day. It is important to help them by labeling all medications clearly. If they are likely to miss or repeat doses, their medicines must be kept in individual boxes and labeled with the date and time when they are supposed to take them.
Elderly people with diabetes may be handicapped by insufficient knowledge of how to deal with their illness. The best way you can help your diabetic parent is to provide him or her with adequate information about diabetes. This will enable them to gain a better understanding of how to control diabetes and prevent its complications. It will also help them to be more responsible for their own health.
References:
1. Haslett Christopher et al, eds. Davidson’s Principles and Practice of Medicine. 19th ed. Oxford: Churchill Livingstone; 2002
2. Barnard Neal, Dr. Neal Barnard’s Program for Reversing Diabetes. New York: Rodale; 2007
Written by R. K. Shetty
I am a writer, editor and blogger.
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DIABETS
Most food we eat is turned into glucose, or sugar that our bodies use for energy. The pancreas, an organ that lies near the stomach, a hormone called insulin to help glucose get into the cells of our bodies. When you have diabetes, your body either does not make enough insulin or can not use the insulin it produces. This causes sugar levels in blood.
It is important that persons suspected of diabetes to contact your family doctor or a specialized care unit. Next series of questions and answers can not replace a proper medical consultation.
• What is diabetes?
• What are the symptoms of diabetes?
• What are the risk factors of diabetes?
• What is the treatment for diabetes?
• What causes type 1 diabetes?
• Can diabetes be prevented?
• Is there a cure for diabetes?
What is diabetes?
Most food we eat is turned into glucose, or sugar that our bodies use for energy. The pancreas, an organ that lies near the stomach, a hormone called insulin to help glucose get into the cells of our bodies. When you have diabetes, your body either does not make enough insulin or can not use the insulin it produces. This causes sugar levels in blood. Diabetes can cause serious complications including heart disease, blindness, kidney failure and amputation of extremities. In the U.S. Diabetes is the seventh leading cause of death.
What are the symptoms of diabetes?
People who think they might have diabetes must visit a doctor for diagnosis. Symptoms can be on the list below. It is possible that there is no one of the symptoms.
• Frequent urination
• Excessive thirst
• Unexplained weight loss
• Extreme hunger
• Sudden vision
• Tingling or numbness in the States
• feeling constantly tired
• Dry Skin
• Sores that are slow to heal
• More infections
Nausea, vomiting or stomach pains may accompany these symptoms in the abrupt onset of insulin-dependent diabetes, now called type 1.
What are the risk factors of diabetes?
Description of diabetes and some types of risks taken by the Center for Prevention and Control of disease in the United States, Atlanta Georgia can be summarized as follows
Type 1 diabetes would be called insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus or juvenile-onset diabetes. Type 1 diabetes may account for 5% to 10% of diagnosed cases of diabetes. Risk factors are less well defined for type 1 diabetes than for type 2 diabetes, but autoimmune, genetic and environment are involved in determining the development of this type of diabetes.
Type 2 diabetes would call nedependent insulin or diabetes mellitus adult-onset diabetes. Type 2 diabetes is found in 90% to 95% of diagnosed cases of diabetes. Risk factors for type two diabetes include older age, obesity, previous cases of diabetes in the family, diabetes in pregnancy, impaired glucose tolerance, physical inactivity, and race. African Americans, Hispanic / Latino, Native Americans and some Asian Americans have a predisposition to type 2 diabetes.
Gestational diabetes develops in 2% to 5% of all pregnancies but usually disappears when a pregnancy. Obesity is associated with a predisposition to type 2 diabetes. Also women with diabetes in pregnancy have an increased predisposition to type 2 diabetes over time. Some studies, nearly 40% of women with diabetes in pregnancy has been ill for type 2 diabetes.
Other types of diabetes result from specific genetic syndromes, surgery, drugs, malnutrition, infections and other illnesses. These types of diabetes in 1% to 2% of diagnosed cases of diabetes.
What is the treatment for diabetes?
Management strategies may be treatment for diabetes under the guidance of a qualified medical teams.
Diabetes knowledge, treatment and prevention evolves from day to day. Treatment is aimed at maintaining, preserving normal blood glucose levels. Self-management is integral to the treatment of diabetes. Treatment for diabetes is individualized and must address medical issues, psychosocial and lifestyle.
Data depreciation treatment of various forms of diabetes over from the Center for Prevention and Control of disease in the United States, Atlanta Georgia can be summarized as follows.
Treatment of type 1 diabetes: Lack of insulin production by the pancreas makes type 1 diabetes was difficult to control. Treatment requires a strict regimen that typically includes a carefully calculated diet, planned physical activity, home testing of blood glucose levels and multiple daily insulin injections.
Treatment of type 2 diabetes: Treatment typically includes diet control, exercise, home monitoring of blood glucose levels, oral medication and / or insulin. Approximately 40% of people with type 2 diabetes require insulin injections.
What causes type 1 diabetes?
Factors that determine the occurrence of type 1 diabetes are different from those that cause type 2 diabetes although the exact mechanisms of disease are unknown. Is suspected to type 1 diabetes occurs in the presence of a trigger such as an unidentified virus, stimulating an immune attack on pancreatic beta cells that produce insulin in people with genetic predisposition.
Can diabetes be prevented?
A number of studies have shown that regular physical activity can significantly reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes. It also appears that type 2 diabetes is associated with obesity. Researchers are making progress step by step in identifying genetic factors that determine predisposition declasatorilor and individuals to type 1 diabetes, but prevention and cure remains elusive.
Is there a cure for diabetes?
In response to the growing burden of diabetes community in tackling the implications of diabetes are three possibilities: to prevent, cure and improve health care for diabetics to prevent devastating complications associated with this disease.
There are several approaches to curing diabetes as follows:
• Pancreas transplantation
• insulin producing cell transplantation (islet)
• Creating an artificial pancreas
• Genetic manipulation (fat or the muscle cells which normally produce insulin suffer an insertion of a human gene associated with insulin-then these pseudo islet cells are transplanted patients with diabetes tipul1).
Each of these approaches behave numerous problems such as preventing the immune system from rejecting, finding an adequate number of insulin producing cells, keeping the cells alive. In all these areas are constantly progress.
Written by cosmin1512
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